Kathmandu

Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal, is alternatively spelled as Katmandu or Kantipur. It is situated in a hilly region near the confluence of the Baghmati and Vishnumati rivers, at an altitude of 4,344 feet (1,324 metres) above sea level.

Raja Gunakamadeva founded the city in 723, and it was initially named Manju-Patan. Later, it was renamed Kathmandu, which refers to a wooden temple (kath meaning “wood” and mandir meaning “temple” or “edifice”) constructed in 1596 from the wood of a single tree by Raja Lachmina Singh. A building believed to be the original structure still stands in the central square and serves as accommodation for sadhus (holy men).

Kathmandu owes its status as Nepal’s primary business and commercial center to the hard work of its Newar merchant families. In the 1970s, the city became the focal point of the national transportation system after the development of new roads and expansion of air service. This transformation was a major shift from the previous centuries when footpaths were the only means of transportation. Today, Kathmandu serves as the transportation hub for the country, connecting people and goods across Nepal.

The two primary streets in Kathmandu present a stark contrast to the older parts of the city characterized by narrow streets and brick houses featuring intricately carved doors and windows. Following the destruction caused by an earthquake in 1934, numerous modern-style buildings were constructed in the city. While these new structures serve practical purposes, they stand in sharp contrast to the charming and historic architecture that can be found in the older parts of Kathmandu.